A very wide range of courses is available at Oxford, taught by highly qualified specialists who are often leaders in their fields. Associate Members and Visiting Students are not, of course, candidates for Oxford degrees. Their credits are awarded by their home colleges and count towards their home college degrees. Their curriculum in Oxford must, therefore, be approved by both their home college and their Oxford academic advisers. This means that many options are open to them, so long as the courses they study make good sense academically. Naturally, they must possess the academic background to pursue any particular course. Within those constraints, however, their Oxford academic advisers are free to seek out the best teachers available anywhere in the University. They will often be faculty of other colleges. The academic advisers have found by experience that most students studying abroad tend to select from five or six subjects, primarily history, English, politics (including political thought and international relations), economics and philosophy. A few students will study psychology, physics, chemistry, math, law, geography, sociology, art history, etc. Science courses requiring laboratory facilities are usually available given sufficient notice. We must stress that Visiting Students who wish laboratory access must know that this is subject to the approval of the Oxford University Science Department, not the college. Study at the graduate level is available. Several students enrolled in Law Schools received American Bar Association approval for study in this program. We also have a summer session. Home college advisers and students often ask for course descriptions of Oxford tutorials. Since all education at Oxford is highly individual (the exact courses are worked out jointly by the academic adviser, the student and the tutor) there is no Oxford Course Catalog in the American sense. We recommend strongly that you discuss your choice of Oxford courses with your U.S. professors. As a convenience to North American students, academic advisers in Oxford have collected as much information as possible from individual tutors. They have relied upon the Oxford Examination Decrees (Oxford University Press is aware that we have made use of some of the information in their publications) for some of the information and for some of the wording. They have then analyzed which courses seem most in demand by North American students. Not surprisingly, a good many wish to come to Oxford to study British History, British politics, and English Literature -- especially Shakespeare, Milton, Chaucer, the Victorian novels, etc. A good number wish to study Modern European History, the European Union, Eastern Europe, the Commonwealth, etc. After much discussion with students, tutors, other advisers, and with US professors and advisers, the academic advisers in several Oxford colleges have identified a good range of tutorial courses which seem well suited to the academic needs of one-year or one-term North American students. We must stress that this list is not by any means exhaustive or complete. One of the many advantages of Oxford is that there is a faculty:student ratio of about 1:4; there are specialists in almost every academic subject. Please look upon this as a starting point and a rough guide. Also please bear in mind that most of the courses listed may be sub-divided and studied in greater depth. That is, "History of Philosophy" could consist of four philosophers or two or even one. "Seventeenth Century English History" could be divided so that a student might study "Economic Aspects of the Civil War" as an example. IMPORTANT: All courses are taught at the upper division level of the U.S. Junior or Senior year; they are similar to U.S. "electives" and are specialised. One cannot study a "survey course", such as "European History", or "British Literature". Students normally study a primary course for 9 tutorials and a secondary for 5 tutorials (equal to 14 U.S. semester credits in each term/semester). Under most courses we have listed a few Oxford teachers who have taught Visiting Students or Associate Members (some in one of the related programs with which we work) in the past(some might not be available in any particular term) or who have offered in writing to do so. (This may be of help to your own U.S. professor, who may know some of these scholars.) We list a few tutors in most subjects to illustrate the breadth of the Oxford faculty. It should be clearly understood that these are tutors who historically (naturally) have taught at least one of our students. Some of them may not be available to teach again for any number of reasons. The Academic Advisers have been very successful (as you will see by glancing at the list of tutors below) in persuading some of the very best teachers and scholars in Oxford to teach Associate Members and Visiting Students. Some have lectured in some of our special courses in International Relations, Shakespeare, etc. Many of these tutors are international leaders in their fields - Fellows of the British Academy (only a few scholars in Britain in each field are elected to the British Academy), Fellows of the Royal Society (the equivalent honour for scientists), Fellows of the Royal Historical Society, Fellows of All Souls and of other leading graduate colleges (Nuffield, St. Antony's, Wolfson), holders of chairs in their field (there are only one or two chairs in each subject in Oxford), Heads of colleges, Directors of Institutes, etc. Some have been awarded knighthoods or other honors by the Queen. Almost all have published widely in their fields. About a third of Oxford's permanent faculty never bothered with a Ph.D.; they wrote a book (or several books instead) - the equivalent.You will note that many of the chairs (and Fellows of the British Academy) never took a Ph.D. degree (The D.Phil., by the way, is only awarded by Oxford so that you can tell right away that it is an Oxford Ph.D.) For some tutorials, advisers will appoint a young scholar (less widely published but a leading specialist in the student's chosen subject); in all cases every tutor will be a scholar who has normally taught candidates for Oxford degrees. Several of our staff are broadly familiar with Oxford; if you have a detailed question an Oxford don will be glad to discuss it with you on the phone. ANTHROPOLOGY Renowned as a center for both research and teaching in Anthropology, Oxford boasts both the School of Anthropology and the Museum of Ethnography including the Institutes of Biological and Social & Cultural Anthropology. A diverse and flexible course selection is available, including an Anthropological Theory introductory course and topics spanning the representation, practices, development, beliefs, analysis and interpretation of social and cultural trends. Topics may be explored with both a regional (e.g. South America, South East Asia) and thematic (e.g. Art, urban anthropology, gender) approach. Also available are courses in human evolution and ecology, and comparative studies of change and urbanization in complex social structures. Dr N. J. Allen, MA, DPhil., Fellow of Wolfson College Dr Cathie Lloyd, PhD, Director, Center for Cross Cultural Research on Women Dr Helene La Rue, MA, DPhil, Fellow of St. Cross College Professor D. Parkin, MA, PhD., Fellow of All Souls College Dr Philip Kreager, DPhil., Lecturer, Somerville College ARCHAEOLOGY Oxford is a major center for archaeology, with research concentrated at the Institute for Archaeology. A wide variety of courses may be studied, including regional studies such as Archaeology of the Middle East, Aegean Archaeology, Egyptology, etc. Dr. Martin Henig, DLitt, FSA, Lecturer in Roman Art and Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology Dr Simon Sherratt, MA DPhil, Senior Research Fellow, Worcester College Dr Andrew Wilson, DPhil, Lecturer, Magdalen College ART, PRACTICAL ART & ARCHITECTURE Students may draw upon considerable resources in Oxford in these fields. Students may study the history of art and architecture, fine arts and may do practical work in painting and drawing. Dr Barry Flood, PhD, Fellow in Art, Wolfson College. Dr Kenneth Garlick, PhD, Fellow of Balliol, former Keeper of Western Art, Ashmolean Museum. Professor Stephen Farthing, MA, Fellow of St. Edmund Hall Dr. Martin Henig, DLitt, FSA, Lecturer in Roman Art and Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology BIOLOGY Every field of Biological Science is available, including a formidable range and depth of courses. A selection of courses include: introductions to both Biochemistry and Genetics; Proteins; Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Biological Chemistry; Pharmacology; Environmental Biology; Physiology (including Development Neurobiology and Neurophysiology); Invertebrate and Vertebrate Zoology; Ecology; Animal Biology and Behaviour; Human Evolution; Plant Physiology and Quantitative Methods and Statistics for Biology. Professor Richard Dawkins, MA, D. Phil., D.Sc., Chair in Zoology, New College. Dr Robert Wilkins, University Research Lecturer, Faculty of Physiological Sciences Dr Malcolm Campbell, MA BSc, PhD, Lecturer in Biological Sciences, Brasenose College Dr Robert Gilbert, Lecturer in Biochemistry, Magdalen College Professor S.J. Simpson, MA, BSc, PhD, University Reader in Zoology, Fellow of Jesus College Professor Geoffrey Harrison, Emeritus Fellow, Linacre College Professor Stuart Ferguson, MA, DPhil., Professor of Biochemistry, Fellow of St. Edmund Hall Dr Stephen Matthews, PhD, Lecturer in Biochemistry, Trinity College Dr David Staunton, Lecturer in Biochemistry, Hertford College Dr David Shotton, MA, PhD, University Lecturer in Zoology, Fellow of Wolfson Dr P.S. Savill, MA, MSc, PhD, Reader in Forestry and Fellow of Linacre College BUSINESS A good number of courses in business are taught at Templeton College, the Business Management college of the University. The SAID Business School constitutes the University's department of Business Studies. Subjects generally available include: Advertising Management; Business Ethics; European and British Business Culture; International Management; Organizational Behaviour; Management Studies; Leadership; Marketing, Business Strategy, Business Entrepreneurship. Dr R L Davies, MA, M.Sc, PhD, Fellow of Templeton College Dr Sue Dopson, MA, PhD, Fellow of Templeton College Mr George Bowen, Tutor, Templeton College Dr John Dowling, PhD., Sometime Visiting Research Fellow, Templeton College Mr David Palfeyman, MA, LLB, MBA, Fellow and Bursar, New College Professor Steve Rayner, Professor of Science and Religion, Said Business School Professor Ray Loveridge, Leverhulme Research Fellow, Said Business School CHEMISTRY A wide variety of courses is available, covering all branches of the subject. The list includes: Introduction to Reaction Kinetics; Quantum Theory of Atoms and Molecules; Biophysical Chemistry; The Chemistry of Solutions; Structure and Bonding in Inorganic Compounds; Introduction to Transition Metal Chemistry; Introduction to Physical Chemistry; Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics; and Introduction to General Organic Chemistry. Dr Christian Hill, Fellow, Corpus Christi College Professor R P Wayne, MA, PhD, Fellow of Christ Church. Dr Steven A Hill, MA, PhD, University Lecturer, Fellow of St Hugh's College Dr Hugh Cartwright, Lecturer in Chemistry, Oriel College CLASSICS Oxford is world famous for its Classical curriculum, known as Literae Humaniores or "Greats". Unlike almost all universities today, it still has a large number of classical specialists in almost every field. Students may study the history of Greece and Rome (including Jewish Studies) and the literature of the classical world (Homer, Sophocles, Thucydides, Aristophanes, Virgil, Horace, Ovid, Tacitus etc.) Greek and Roman philosophy may be studied (the pre-Socratics, Plato, Aristotle, etc.). Courses in ancient art & archaeology are offered as well as the politics, sociology, theology and culture of the ancient world. All works may be studied in English translation as well as in the original language. Students may study Latin and Greek at any level as well. Dr Richard Fowler,BA, DPhil, Lecturer in Ancient History, Jesus College, Oriel College Dr Alfonso Moreno, Fellow and Tutor in Ancient History, Magdalen College Mr David Raeburn, Lecturer in Literae Humaiores, New College Dr Alison Cooley, MA, DPhil, Lecturer in Classics at Corpus Christi College Professor J. Ackrill, MA, FBA, Emeritus Fellow of Brasenose College and Emeritus Chair of the History of Philosophy. ECONOMICS The following courses are recommended: The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development since 1945 Post-war development of the OECD, comprising a comparative study of OECD countries and/or economic analysis of USA, Japan or Western Europe. The course includes the formation of institutional policies and strategies; macroeconomics; labor markets; industrial, financial and trade relations; economic competition and integration, etc. Derek Robinson, CBE, MA, Fellow Emeritus Magdalen College. International Economics Dr Martin Davies, Lecturer in Economics, St John's College Monetary and trading systems; institutions; trade theory; economic policy; economic integration. Dr John Enos, Emeritus Fellow in Economics, Magdalen College, and Visiting Research Fellow, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies Numerous other courses are available: Money and Banking; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics; Economic Theory; Econometrics; International Financial Markets; Development Economics; Labor Markets and Industrial Relations; Collective Bargaining; Classical Economic Thought; Command Economies and their Marketization; Public Economics; Economics of Industry and Management and Business Administration; Mathematics for Economists; Environmental Economics. (Associate Students are able to borrow books from the University Economics Library). Derek Robinson, CBE, MA, Fellow Emeritus Magdalen College. Dr George Bitsakakis, Fellow, Brasenose College Dr Walter Eltis, DPhil, Emeritus Fellow, Exeter College Dr Colin Jennings, Lecturer in Economics, The Queen's College Dr Richard Mash, Lecturer in Economics and Fellow, New College Dr Kevin Sheppard, Fellow, Keble College The European Union Topics include the cost of UK entry into the EEC; the Common Agricultural Policy; European Integration Policy and Regional Policy; Industrial Policy in Europe; European Labour Market; and the implications of the Single Market (1992). This subject may be studied with an economic, a political or an historical emphasis. Statistical Methods in Social Science Statistical Theory; Economic Statistics; Politics and Sociology (applications of statistical theory to social and political research; problems in the collection of aggregate and survey data). Dr Kevin Sheppard, Fellow, Keble College Dr Eirini Flouri, Research Fellow, Dept of Social Policy and Social Work, Deputy Director of the Centre for Research into Parenting and Children EDUCATIONAL STUDIES A number of courses are taught at the University's Department of Educational Studies, including Sociology of Education; Educational Policy; Alternative Education; Comparative Education and Educational Research Methodology. Dr Geoff Hayward, MA, DPhil, University Lecturer in Educational Studies and Fellow of Kellogg College Professor Antony Heath, MA, PhD, FBA, Professor of Sociology, Official Fellow of Nuffield College Dr Colin Brock, Senior Research Fellow, Department of Educational Studies ENGINEERING A wide variety of courses in Engineering may be studied including: Metallurgy, Physical Metallurgy, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Materials, Polymeric Materials (including synthesis, microstructures and engineering applications of polymers). Dr Christopher Stevens, BA, D.Phil., Senior Research Fellow of Somerville. Dr Christopher Grovenor, MA, DPhil, University Lecturer in Metallurgy, Fellow of St. Anne's College Dr Peter Wilshaw, MA, DPhil, University Lecturer in Materials Science, Fellow of St Anne's College ENGLISH LITERATURE The following courses are recommended in particular. English Literature from its Origins to 1100 Students may study Anglo-Saxon, Old English, Norse, Norman-French and other aspects of the literature and language of the time. Dr. Mark Griffith, DPhil, Fellow in English, New College Professor Ralph Hanna, MA, PhD, University Lecturer in Palaeography, Fellow of Keble College Dr Roger Dalrymple, MA, PhD, Lecturer in Old and Middle English, Somerville College English Literature from 1100-1509 The following may be studied: Piers Plowman: Pearl (ed. E.V. Gordon), Malory, Morte D'Arthur: Henryson, Fables, Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, Troilus and Criseyde: Langland, as well as other texts in Old English and Middle English. Professor Douglas Gray, MA, FBA, J.R.R. Tolkein Chair of English Literature and Language, Lady Margaret Hall. Dr Mark Griffith, DPhil, Fellow in English, New College Dr Santha Bhattacharji, Lecturer in English, Keble College Dr Carolyne Larrington, Tutor in Medieval English, St John's College English Literature from 1509-1642 There are courses available in this subject area. The list includes: Spenser's The Faerie Queen, Elizabethan and Jacobean Prose, Social Contexts for Renaissance Drama, Renaissance Tragedy, Marlowe, and a large number of specialist courses on Shakespeare (see below). Dr David Cunnington, Lecturer in English, St John's College Dr Hugh Gazzard, Fellow and Tutor in English, Jesus College Dr Lucinda Rumsey, MA, Lecturer at Mansfield College English Literature from 1642-1740 The following courses are among those available in this subject: Puritans and Literature, Political Contexts for Milton and Marvell, Bunyan, Restoration Comedy, Milton, 18th Century Poetry, Defoe, the Metaphysical Poets etc. Dr Katherine Turner, MA, DPhil, Lecturer in English, St Peter's College Professor Emrys Jones, MA, FBA, Emeritus Goldsmith's Chair of English Literature, New College Shakespeare A tutorial course would normally examine one, two or three plays, to be studied in relation to dramatists contemporary with Shakespeare. This subject may also be studied with a political, sociological or philosophical emphasis. A number of tutors offer special subjects such as "Women in Shakespeare" etc. Dr James Methven, DPhil, Lecturer in English and Dean, Oriel College Dr Katherine Turner, MA, DPhil, Lecturer in English, St Peter's College Val Dodd, JP, MA, BLitt., Lecturer in English, Blackfriars The English Novels and Poetry A large number of novelists and poets from the Eighteenth century to the Twentieth century may be studied , among them the following: Fielding, Richardson, Trollope, Henry James, Dickens, Thackeray, Tennyson, Austen, George Eliot, D.H. Lawrence, Melville, Browning, Woolf, James Joyce, Yeats, Larkin, Plath and Hughes. Courses may examine in detail the works of one author. Alternatively, a thematic approach may be taken: e.g., British and Irish Drama from Wilde to Beckett, Literature of the First World War, Novels and Victorian Society, Women's Literature in the 19th (or 20th) century, contemporary British Literature, Interconnections between British and American literature, etc. Professor John Kelly, DPhil, Chair in English, St. John's College Dr Andrew Welburn, D.Phil, Lecturer in English, New College Dr Muireann O'Cinneide, Lecturer in English, St. Peter's College Dr Sophie Ratcliffe, DPhil, Lecturer in English, Keble College Sally Bayley, Lecturer in English, Balliol College Dr Clare Morgan, MA, DPhil, Lecturer in English, Christ Church College Dr Sara Salih, MA, D. Phil, Lecturer in English, Wadham College GEOGRAPHY AND SOCIOLOGY The following courses are particularly recommended. (Sociology is often included under Geography in Oxford). Social Geography Aspects of social segregation and behaviour, with particular reference to urban environments displaying complex cultural and racial patterns (e.g., USA); ethnic minorities; systems of legally enforced segregation (such as the former system in South Africa). Dr Eirini Flouri, Research Fellow, Dept of Social Policy and Social Work, Deputy Director of the Centre for Research into Parenting and Children Dr. Alisdair Rogers, D.Phil., Lecturer in Geography, Keble College The Geographical Environment The impact and problems of human development of the natural environment; exploitation and conservation of natural resources in different cultures; industrial and agricultural evolution and methods of political control; environmental issues (e.g., deforestation, acidification, climate change, pollution, erosion, desertification). Dr Nicholas Middleton, DPhil, Lecturer in Geography, Oriel College Dr Erik Swyngedouw, MA, PhD, Fellow in Geography, St. Peter's College The Geography of Southern Africa Lesotho, Zambia, Namibia, Botswana, Angola, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Swaziland, Malawi. "Human Geography" in Oxford is similar to "sociology" in the US. There are many other courses available in all areas of the subject. They include; Geomorphology, Concepts in Economic Geography, Climatology, Cities and Societies, Aspects of Landscape, etc. HISTORY Many specialist courses in history are regularly taught in Oxford, some of the main general topics include: Ancient History Oxford is well known for its scholars in the ancient world. The history of Egypt, Greece and the Roman Empire may be studied including specialised aspects such as economic history, women's history, religious history, etc. See Classics. Medieval History Oxford University itself has its origins in the Middle Ages and Medieval history springs to life in this city which traces its development to the Dark Ages when King Alfred the Great established a school in Oxford. See English History from the Beginning to 1330. English (British) History The History of Scotland, Ireland, Wales and England; including the history of British India; the history of British colonies and dominions, etc. The following periods may be studied: (1) Pre-1330; (2) 1330-1685; and (3) 1685-1964; any one of which may be approached thematically with regard to social, economic, political, cultural and constitutional issues. Beginning-1330 Dr. John Mason, MA, D. Phil., F.R. Hist.S., FSA, Emeritus Fellow, Christ Church. Professor J. Campwell, MA, FBA, Fellow of Worcester College. R.M. Franklin, MA, F.R.Hist.S., Fellow of All Souls College. R.T. Rowley, MA, MLitt, Fellow of Kellogg College. 1330-1685 Dr. Rowena Archer, D.Phil., Tutor in Medieval History, Harris Manchester College. Dr John Cooper Praelector in Early Modern History, Lincoln College Dr Toby Barnard, Tutor in Modern History and Fellow, Hertford College 1685-1964 Godfrey LeMay, MA, Emeritus Fellow, Worcester College. Dr Michael Hurst, MA, D.Litt., F.R.Hist.S., Senior Fellow in History and Politics, St. John's College. Dr Glen O'Hara, Lecturer in History, New College History of the United States The history of English-speaking America from Jamestown (1607) to the present day. Relations with other English-speaking nations, with Europe and Africa, and with the other Americas may also be studied. Specific topics include early Colonial America; the War of Independence (1775-1783); the American Constitution and early years of the Republic; the Civil War; America's development as a world power; the two World Wars; Women's history in America; Black history; the Impact of Hispanic culture; economic and social history, etc. Dr. Alec Campbell, MA, Ph.D., Emeritus Fellow, Keble College. Dr Michael Hurst, MA, DLitt, F.R.Hist.S., Emeritus Fellow in History and Politics, St. John's College 18th Century European History Dr David Parrott, University Lecturer in Modern History and Fellow, New College Dr L G Mitchell, Emeritus Fellow of History and Politics, St John's College Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, FRGS, FRAS Dr Michael Hurst, MA, DLitt, F.R.Hist.S., Emeritus Fellow in History and Politics, St. John's College Modern European History The history of Europe or of individual nations, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, etc. may be studied in both the 19th and 20th centuries or earlier. Special topics might include the expansion of Europe, Imperialism, the two world wars, the rise of a united Europe, etc. Dr Peter Grieder, MA, PhD, Lecturer in Modern History, Magdalen College Dennis Mack Smith, CBE, MA, FBA, Emeritus Fellow, All Souls College. Mark Almond, MA, Lecturer in Modern History, Oriel College Anthony Kirk-Greene, MBE, MA, Emeritus Fellow, St. Antony's College and former Director, Oxford Foreign Service Program. Dr John Stevenson, MA, DPhil, University Reader in Modern History and Fellow of Worcester College History of African, Latin American and Asian Nations In part because of the Commonwealth, many scholars in Oxford teach the history of most nations around the world. There are many courses in non-European history in Oxford LAW Law may be studied at both the undergraduate and graduate level. Courses of special interest to overseas students include: international law, European Community law, the philosophy of law, jurisprudence, history of law, maritime law, Roman law, etc. A number of students currently in Law School have received American Bar Association approval to study law in Oxford at the graduate level. Special Legal Reading Course This is a course tailored to meet the needs of a particular student. The tutor in question nominates for study one particular text per week of direct relevance to the student's interests. In the past, these have included Hickok & McDowell, Jusice vs. Law, Courts and Politics in American Society (The Free Press) and Sells, The Soul of the Law (Element, 1994). The student then prepares a careful analysis of the text as the basis for tutorial discussion (and oral examinations). Jurisprudence One of the four compulsory subjects in the Final Honours School. The subject provides an opportunity to reflect in a disciplined and critical way on the structures and functions of law, legal institutions and legal systems, the nature of legal reasoning and discourse, and the connections between law and morality. International Law This is a course based on the understanding that the principal subjects of international law are states and not individuals. The subject enables the student to examine the differences between municipal law and the law existing between states, in bi- and multi-lateral treaties and conventions. An appreciation of the difference between private and international law (conflicts of law) and public international law is an important aspect of this course. The English Common Law This course provides an overview of Common Law in England with a particular focus on the law of Contract and Tort. History of the English Common Law This course includes an example of the developments of Common Law systems and the differences between Common Law and Civil Law. It also involves a study of various branches of law, the growth of the courts, the relationship between Common Law and Equity, the place of legislation and how it has developed, forms of action, and the reforms of the legal process in the twentieth century. The Philosophy of Law This is a course that examines subjects such as natural law and different schools of legal theory (e.g. historical/ sociological/ realistic) with particular emphasis on modern legal theorists (e.g. Hart or Dworkin). Areas covered include legal personality and the place of the corporations, the theories and the practice of crime and punishments, the nature of legal rights, the rules of precedent and of statutory interpretation, the sources of law, the basis of legal responsibility and finally the relationship between law and morality. The English Legal System This course covers the basics of the Common Law system in England, examining the main branches of English law, how the courts operate and the effect upon the workings of English law of Britain's membership of the European Union. The Theory and Philosophy of Law The topics covered in this course include the various schools of legal thought, source of law, precedent, rules of statutory interpretation, the nature of legal rights and duties, the effect upon law of morality, the aims of punishment, the legal responsibility. The Interface of Law and Ethical Issues This course adapts certain components of the Jurisprudence course, placing added emphasis on the function of ethics and morality within the legal system. Topics covered would include Lawyer's Ethics, Natural Law, Rights, Enforcement of Morals, Euthanasia and Justice. Introduction to Law This introductory course covers such topics as the main branches of the law, the work of the courts, the effect of legislation, and the impact upon English Law of membership of the European Union. Sir David Yardley, D.Phil., Emeritus Fellow in Law, St. Edmund Hall. Dr Michael Spence, MA, D.Phil., Dean and Fellow in Law, St. Catherine's College. Dr Jonathan Black-Branch, PhD, DPhil, Fellow in Law, Greyfriars Professor Guy Goodwin-Gill, MA, DPhil, Rubin Director of Research, Institute for European Studies, Senior Research Fellow, Center for Socio-Legal Studies, Fellow of Wolfson Conor Quigley, LLB, Fellow in European Community Law and Jurisprudence, Lady Margaret Hall. Dr Reze Banakar, B.Sc., PhD, Research Fellow, Center For Socio-Legal Studies MATHEMATICS A very wide range of courses is on offer, in all areas of the subject, including computer science, pure and applied mathematics, and probability and statistics. The following courses may well be of interest: Linear Algebra; Statistics; Differential Equations and Discrete Mathematics; Numerical Analysis; Abstract Algebra; Differentiability and Convergence; Geometry and Mechanics; Topology; and Probability. A great variety of more advanced courses is also available. Dr Luke Ong, MA, PhD, University Lecturer in Computation, Fellow of Merton College Dr Eirini Flouri, Research Fellow, Dept of Social Policy and Social Work, Deputy Director of the Centre for Research into Parenting and Children Dr David Gavaghan, University Lecturer in Computer Science and Fellow, New College Dr Wilson Sutherland, Emeritus Fellow, New College Dr Lionel Wollenberg, MA, DPhil, Lecturer in Mathematics, Lady Margaret Hall, Brasenose College Professor William F. McColl, MA, PhD, Professor of Computing Science, Fellow of Wadham College Dr Ioannis Vlachonikolis, MA, DPhil, Lecturer in Statistics, University College Dr. Michael Collins, DPhil, Fellow, University College MODERN LANGUAGES Although most overseas students would choose to study a modern language in its nation of origin, almost any modern language can be studied at Oxford. Associate Students often "keep up" with their foreign languages while in Oxford and new languages may be learned (not for academic credit) at the introductory level through the Oxford Language Center and with personal tutors. Dr Carol Rodier, DPhil, Lecturer in French, Keble College, Magdalen College Dr Andrea Capovilla, DPhil, Lecturer in German, St Anne's College Dr Galin Tihanov, MA, DPhil, Junior Research Fellow, Merton College MUSIC A wide number of courses in Music are offered in Oxford, including compositional techniques, the history of music, psychology and music etc. Dr David Skinner, Lecturer in Music, Magdalen College Dr Michael Burden, Fellow in Music and Dean, New College Dr Jonathan Williams, Tutor, Faculty of Music Dr Margaret Bent, MA, PhD, FBA, Fellow of All Souls College Dr Roger Allen, Lecturer in Music, St Peter's College ORIENTAL STUDIES Oxford has long been a major center for the study of Egypt (both Ancient & Modern) India (including Sanskrit and ancient and modern history & literature) Jewish Studies, Islamic civilization, the society, culture and literature of East Asia, (China, Japan, etc.) the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey and other non-European cultures. Professor Richard Gombrich, MA, DPhil, Fellow of Balliol College and Professor of Sanskrit. Professor A.R. Sheikholeslami, MA, Fellow of Wadham College and Professor of Persian Studies Dr E. L. Rogan, MA, PhD., Fellow of St Antony's College Dr D. Hopwood, MA, DPhil, Fellow of St. Antony's College and Reader in Middle Eastern Studies. Professor Arthur Stockwin, MA, PhD, Nissan Professor of Modern Japanese Studies, Fellow of St Antony's College PHILOSOPHY Oxford has a large and distinguished philosophy faculty, and tuition can normally be arranged in a wide variety of subjects. The following are recommended. The History of Philosophy Ancient (Pre-Socratic, Plato, Aristotle, Hellenistic and Roman, in the original or in translation); Medieval Philosophy; Renaissance Thought; Descartes and the Rationalists; the British Empiricists; Kant; Hegel; Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Philosophy; Existentialism; Modern British Philosophy; Wittgenstein. Dr Pamela Sue Anderson, Fellow, Regent's Park College Dr Paolo Crivelli, Tutor in Classical Philosophy, New College Dr. John Kenyon, MA, PhD, DPhil., Tutor in Philosophy, St. Peter's College Dr. Luciano Floridi, MA, PhD., Research Fellow, Wolfson College, Lecturer in Philosophy, Jesus College Kathy Behrendt, Lecturer in Philosophy, New College Professor John Ackrill, MA, FBA, Chair Emeritus of the History of Philosophy, Fellow of Brasenose College. General Philosophy Metaphysics, Epistemology; Philosophical Logic; Philosophy of Science; Philosophy of Mind; Philosophy of Mathematics; Philosophy of Language. Dr David W. Mackie, MA, DPhil, Tutor in Philosophy, Corpus Christi College Dr Matthew Soteriou, Fellow and Tutor in Philosophy, Magdalen College Dr Stephen Mulhall, Fellow in Philosophy, New College Jonathan Glover, MA, Fellow in Philosophy, New College Bernard Rundle, MA, Senior Fellow in Philosophy, Trinity College Michael Inwood, MA, Senior Fellow in Philosophy, Trinity College Moral Philosophy Ethics; Ethics of War; History of Ethics; Practical Ethics; Medical Ethics; Business Ethics. Dr David Cook, MA, PhD, Tutorial Fellow, Green College Professor Julian Savulescu, Uehiro Professor of Practical Ethics and Fellow, St Cross College Dr Timothy Mawson, M.Phil, D. Phil, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, Keble College Revd. Prof. Oliver O'Donovan, MA, D. Phil., Regius Chair of Moral and Pastoral Theology, Christ Church Philosophy of Human Nature Personal identity and the Self; Philosophy of Biology; Philosophy of Psychology. Dr. Alison Denham, DPhil, Lecturer in Philosophy, St. John's College. Dr Paul Weindling, MA, MSc, PhD, Fellow of Merton College The Philosophy of Law Theory of Law, Rights, Responsibility, Civil Liberties. Dr. Stephen Smith, MA, DPhil, Tutor in Law, St. Anne's College. Dr Richard Tur, MA, PhD, Tutor in Law, Oriel College. Sir David Yardley, DPhi., Fellow Emeritus in Law, St. Edmund Hall Political Philosophy There is a wide range of options available, in both the history of political thought and the examination of more recent theories, as well as analytical and comparative studies. Dr Elizabeth J. Frazer, MA, DPhil, Fellow and Tutor in Politics, New College, University Lecturer in Politics, Faculty of Social Sciences PHYSICS Courses are available in all areas of the subject. The list includes: Electromagnetism; Waves and Optics; Atomic Physics; Quantum Physics; Astronomy; Special Relativity and Mechanics. Advanced study is also possible in other subjects including Nuclear Physics, Biophysics, Particle Physics, Astrophysics, General Relativity and Condensed Matter Physics. Dr David Crosby, Lecturer in Physics, New COllege Dr. Gregory Watson, DPhil, Research Fellow, St. Catherine's College Dr. Amanda Cooper-Sarkar, MA, DPhil, Tutor in Physics, St. Hilda's College Dr Richard Szabo, DPhil, Lecturer, Department of Theoretical Physics. Dr J. P. Garrahan, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Theoretical Physics Professor Alexei M Tsvelik, MA, PhD, Professor of Physics, Tutor in Physics, Fellow of Brasenose College Dr Geoff Smith, Lecturer in Physics, Magdalen College POLITICS The following courses are recommended in particular. British Politics and Government since 1880 British politics; domestic political issues (including the effects of socio-economic developments and foreign policy); political ideology; the evolution and constitution of the British political system (including the operation of the electoral system, political parties, government, and Parliament). Godfrey Le May, MA, Emeritus Fellow, Worcester College Michael Hurst, MA, DLitt, F.R.Hist.S., Senior Fellow in History and Politics, St. John's College Classical Political Thought up to 1800 A range of texts may be chosen for critical analysis, including Plato, The Republic and other writings; Aristotle, Politics and Ethics; Machiavelli, The Discourses, The Prince; Hobbes, Leviathan; Locke, Second Treatise of Civil Government and other writings; Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws; Rousseau, The Social Contract, Discourse on the Origin of Inequality; works by Hume and Bentham, The Federalist Papers; Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, etc. Mr Chris Brooke, Fellow and Tutor in Politics, Magdalen College Mark Almond, MA, Lecturer in Modern History, Oriel College Foundations of Modern Social and Political Thought An examination of some of the important texts relating to modern social and political theory. The following may be examined: John Stuart Mill, On Liberty; Hegel, The Philosophy of Right and other works; Tocqueville, Democracy in America and other works; Marx; writings on Fascism, Nazism, Communism, Liberalism, Socialism, Democracy, etc Professor Alan Ryan, FBA, Warden of New College Mark Almond, MA, Lecturer in Modern History, Oriel College Dr. John Kenyon, MA, PhD, DPhil, Tutor in Philosophy, St. Peter's College Modern British Government and Politics An examination of the system of government in Britain, including its administration and structure, political parties, parliament, ministries and departments, legislative procedure, the judiciary, local government, foreign policy, etc. Dr Alan O'Day, Research Associate, Rothermere American Institute, and Fellow, Greyfriars Dr Christopher Lake, MPhil, DPhil, Tutor in Politics, Magdalen College Politics and the Media Increasingly the media is being viewed as a "Fourth Estate"; it is difficult to understand modern politics without knowing how the media interacts with government and politics. Dr Steven Casey, MPhil, DPhil, Junior Research Fellow, Trinity College Political Institutions Modern systems of government, their administration, constitution, legislative and judicial procedures, parties, etc. Detailed study may be made of individual countries, or a comparative approach may be taken. International Relations Numerous courses are available in this subject, and the following topics in particular may be pursued in detail: The Cold War; the relations of Eastern and Western Europe; the European Union; Pacific Rim nations (e.g., China, Japan, Russia, USA); the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe; regional and global conflict, area studies, the intelligence services, defense studies, etc. Sir John Johnson, MA, Fellow of Keble, former director of the Oxford (graduate) Foreign Service Programme, former British Ambassador Robert Schuettinger, MA, BPhil, Sometime Visiting Research Fellow in International Relations, Mansfield College, Oxford; Associate Fellow, Davenport College, Yale. Former White House aide in foreign policy. Dr Alex Pravda, MA, DPhil, Fellow in International Relations, St. Antony's College Michael Herman, MA, Research Associate, Nuffield College, author of a History of the British Intelligence Service Dr Ali Parchami, Lecturer in Politics, Exeter College Sir Roger Bannister, DPhil, Sir Roger broke the four-minute mile in 1954. He later served as Master of Pembroke College. He sometimes lectured for our International Relations and Sports. The European Union The European Union, its origins, evolution, current affairs and future development; Britain and the EU; European Parliament, policy and legislation; monetary unity and the European Monetary Union (the single currency); Common Agricultural Policy; trade and international relations (e.g., with the US, Eastern Europe, Japan). Dr Anreas Busch, Reader in European Politics and Official Fellow in Politics, Hertford College Anand Menon, MA, MPhil, Fellow by Special Election in European Studies, St. Antony's College Changes in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union since 1945; the Warsaw Pact; the Cold War; post-war Communism; relations with countries in the West; modern developments; the weakening and collapse of the Eastern Bloc. Mark Almond, MA, Lecturer in Modern History, Oriel College Dr Alex Pravda, MA DPhil, Fellow in International Relations, St. Antony's College PSYCHOLOGY The following courses are particularly recommended. Developmental Psychology Evidence from comparative studies; psychological development in humans; the environmental and hereditary, physiological and biological, influences which bear upon development in homo sapiens. Professor Peter Bryant, MA, PhD, FRS, Watts Professor of Psychology and Fellow of Wolfson College Dr Celia Green, BLitt, MA, DPhil, Director of Research, Institute of Psychophysical Research Psychological Disorders Classification of disorders: traits, symptoms and states; diagnostic reliability and validity; psychiatric nosologies; Definitions of abnormality: social, statistical and biological approaches; the medical model; psychological abnormality as disease and deviance. Mechanisms of disorder. Clinical description of disorder. Treatment of disorders. Origins of disorder. Dr Gordon Claridge, MA PhD, University Lecturer in Abnormal Psychology, Fellow of Magdalen College Social Behaviour Social behaviour, its biological and social framework. Topics for study may include a comparative analysis of social behaviour patterns in animals and humans; emotional and cultural influences; communication (verbal and non-verbal); relationships; cognition; and analytical method. Dr Margaret Yee, BSc, DPhil, Lecturer, Nuffield College Dr Paul Azzopardi, MA, PhD, Lecturer in Psychology, University College Dr Ann Dowker, PhD, Lecturer in Psychology, St. Anne's College Dr Mark Buckley, Royal Society University Research Fellow and Senior Research Felow in Science, St John's College Dr Maryanne Martin, MA, DPhil, Lecturer in Psychology, St Edmund Hall Dr Anna Nobre, MA, PhD, University Lecturer in Experimental Psychology, Fellow of New College SOCIOLOGY (see Geography) THEOLOGY The Development of Doctrine in the Early Church to AD 461 A study of doctrinal development in the Christian Church, and its historical framework, using primary sources (in translation). The History and Theology of the Reformation from AD 1500-1564 The Reformation, its history, ideals and development in Europe, including an examination of the major reformist leaders (Calvin, Luther and Zwingli); the Reformation in England; the Counter-Reformation. Other religions such as Judaism, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism may also be studied. There is a Center for Hebrew Studies and a Center for Islamic Studies. Theology as taught in Oxford is an interdisciplinary study combining history, philosophy, literature and sometimes archaeology, for this reason it is studied by students from both religious and unreligious backgrounds. Rev Dr. Richard Finn, Vice-Regent, Blackfriars Rev Dr. Harriet Harris, Chaplain and Tutor in Theology, Wadham College Professor Diarmaid MacCulloch, DD, Professor of the History of the Church, and Fellow, St Cross College Rev Dr Timothy Bradshaw, Senior Tutor and Tutor in Christian Doctrine, Regent's Park College Rev Canon Vincent Strudwick, Emeritus Fellow, Kellogg College Rev Dr John Platt, MTh, MA, DPhil, Senior Research Fellow, Pembroke College Dr Pamela Sue Anderson, Fellow, Regent's Park College Rev Professor Peter Hinchcliffe, MA, DD, PhD, Regius Chair of Ecclesiastical History, Fellow of Christ Church College Dr. Susan Gillingham, MA, DPhil, Tutor in Theology, Worcester College Rev Dr Roger Charles, MA, DPhil, Tutor in Theology, Campion Hall Rev Dr. Philip Kennedy, Fellow, Mansfield College Dr Mark Edwards, Tutor in Theology and Fellow, Christ Church WOMEN'S STUDIES Among general courses in women's studies are the following: Gender and Women in the Middle Ages; Women and Gender in England and France 1500-1800; Feminist Theory; Feminist Theology; Philosophy and Feminism. Specialized literature courses may also be available, such as Feminist Approaches to Shakespeare, and New American Women's Fiction. Dr. Muireann O'Cinneide, Lecturer in English, St. Peter's College Jeri Johnson, MPhil, Fellow in English, Exeter College Dr Elizabeth J. Frazer, MA, DPhil, Fellow and Tutor in Politics, New College, University Lecturer in Politics, Faculty of Social Sciences Dr Cathie Lloyd, PhD, Director, Center for Cross Cultural Research on Women Rev Dr Roger Charles, MA, DPhil, Tutor in Theology, Campion Hall Rev Dr. Philip Kennedy, Fellow, Mansfield College "I was taught by two Professors (holders of Chairs---usually only one don in the University in each subject), both of whom were Fellows of the British Academy. My academic program could not have been better." AS, Brown "My tutorials were all exceptional. I love the Oxford system. I have learned so much this year, it amazes me." CP, BA Colgate "I had a wonderful time at the dinner at the Garrick Club (a private club in London devoted to the theater and the arts) arranged by the WISC President. (We also saw the United Oxford and Cambridge University Club and the Reform Club). AW, Duke University "The Union has been enjoyable, among many activities one can choose from. I have joined my college rowing team. I plan to join the University Alliance (Social Democratic-Liberal) political club." JC, SUNY-Binghamton "My tutorials, lectures and seminars (including one with Dr. David Butler of Nuffield College, a leading authority on modern British politics) are excellent." MT, Cornell "I am more than satisfied with my first term tutorials. The tutorial format inspired me to do the best work of my college career. The opportunity to interact at the personal level allowed me to climb deeply into my subject. I imagine it will be difficult to return to the classroom next year." TY, Holy Cross "I am studying with the Head (Principal) of my college, Dr. Michael Mahony. I am also rowing and coaching the women's rowing team. Oxford is a fantastic experience." PS, Dartmouth "My college faculty and my tutorials were great." CC, Holy Cross "My college faculty and staff were excellent. My tutorials were excellent. Robert Schuettinger (President, WISC) was excellent; always available and helpful." LK, Davidson College "My tutors have been well-informed, supportive and incisive in their comments. The chance to hear some of the premier lecturers in their fields has been invaluable—a real year of academic growth." JS, Yale